11 APR 827-20 NOV 1890 RASHTRAPITA MAHATMA JYOTIRAO PHULE
Jyotirao Phule
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jyotirao Govindrao Phule
Born11 April 1827 Katgun, Satara, British India(present-day Maharashtra, India)
Died28 November 1890 (aged 63) Pune, British India (present-day Maharashtra,India)
Other namesMahatma Phule/Jyotiba Phule/ Jotiba Phule / Jotirao Phule
ReligionSatyashodhak Samaj
Spouse(s)Savitribai Phule
Era19th century philosophy
Main interests
Ethics, religion, humanism
Influences[show]
Jyotirao Govindrao Phule[a] (11 April 1827 – 28 November 1890) was an Indian activist, thinker, social reformer and writer from Maharashtra.
Phule's work was grounded in the colonial belief that India was in dire need of reform in every aspect of national, social and family life, and that the west was both the model to emulate and the harbinger of the required improvement. His work extended to many fields including eradication of untouchability and the caste system, women's emancipation and the reform of Hindu family life. In September 1873, Phule, along with his followers, formed the Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Seekers of Truth) to attain equal rights for peasants and people from lower castes. Phule is regarded as an important figure of the Social Reform Movement in Maharashtra.
He and his wife, Savitribai Phule, were pioneers of women's education in India. He is most known for his efforts to educate women and the lower castes as well as the masses. After educating his wife, he opened the first school for girls in India in August 1848.
Contents
[hide]
1Early life
2Social activism
2.1Views on religion and caste
2.2Satyashodhak Samaj
3Occupation
4Recognition
5Published works
6Commemoration
7See also
8References
9Further reading
Early life[edit]
A statue of Jyotiba Phule
Jyotirao Govindrao Phule was born into a poor and virtually illiterate family that belonged to the Mali caste of gardeners and vegetable farmers. The original surname of the family had been Gorhay, and they hailed fromKatgun, a village in Khatav taluka of Satara District (now in Maharashtra state). Phule's grandfather, Shetiba Gorhay, had settled in Pune and prospered after starting a business selling flowers, garlands and flower arrangements for religious and social events like weddings. The family owned some farmland as well as a shop in the city. Since Phule's father and two uncles served as florists under the last of the Peshwas, whose patronage they enjoyed, the family came to be known as 'Phule' (flower-man).[1]
Phule's father, Govindrao, carried on the family business along with his brothers. His mother, Chimnabai, died when he was only nine months old. He had one older brother who was older than him. The Mali community did not set much store by education, and after attending primary school to learn the basics of reading, writing and arithmetic, Phule was withdrawn from school. He joined the menfolk of his family at work, both in the shop and the farm. The family had a neighbor who had belonged to the same caste of vegetable peasants, but had converted to Christianity, and thereby gained both influence and wealth However, a Christian neighbor with local influence at school and church recognized his intelligence and persuaded Phule's father to allow Phule to attend the local Scottish Mission's High School, which he completed in 1847. As per custom, he was married young, at the age of 13, to a girl of his own community, chosen by his father.
The turning point in his life was in 1848, when he attended the wedding of a friend, who was a Brahmin. Phule participated in the customary marriage procession, but was later rebuked and insulted by his friend's parents for doing that. They asked him whether he should not have had the sense to keep away from that ceremony. Had he forgotten his place, they asked, because they had treated him as an equal for many years? Phule was suddenly facing the divide created by the caste system. Influenced by Thomas Paine's book Rights of Man (1791), Phule developed a keen sense of social justice. He realized that "lower castes" and women were at a disadvantage in Indian society, and also that education of these sections was vital to their emancipation.[citation needed]
Social activism[edit]
Phule believed in overthrowing the social system in which people had been deliberately made dependent on others, illiterate, ignorant and poor, with a view to exploiting them. To him blind faith eradication formed part of a broad socioeconomic transformation. This was his strategy for ending exploitation of human beings. Mere advice, education and alternative ways of living are not enough, unless the economic framework of exploitation comes to an end. His most famous poem reads: “Lack of education lead to lack of wisdom, / Which leads to lack of morals, / Which leads to lack of progress, / Which leads to lack of money, / Which leads to the oppression of the lower classes, / See what state of the society one lack of education can cause!”,[2] [3]
To this end, Jyotirao and his wife, Savitribai Phule, started the first school for girls in India in 1848, for which he was forced to leave his parental home. He championed widow remarriage and started a home for upper caste widows in 1854, as well as a home for new-born infants to prevent female infanticide. Phule tried to eliminate the stigma of social untouchability surrounding the lower castes by opening his house and the use of his water-well to the members of the lower castes.
Views on religion and caste[edit]
The Indian society at Jyotiba's time was deeply enmeshed in caste politics.[citation needed] His akhandas were based on the abhangs of Indian saint Tukaram[4] (a Moray Shudra.) He did not like caste-based discrimination. He saw using Rama as a symbol of oppression stemming from the Aryan conquest.[5]
Phule's critique of the caste system began with his attack on the Vedas, the most fundamental texts of upper caste Hindus.[citation needed] He considered them to be idle fantasies and palpably absurd legends[citation needed] as well as a form of false consciousness.[6]
He is credited with introducing the Marathi word dalit (broken, crushed) as a descriptor for those people who were outside the traditional varna system. The terminology was later popularised in the 1970s by the Dalit Panthers.[7]
Satyashodhak Samaj[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2014)
Part of a series on
Criticism of religion
By religion
Buddhism
Christianity
Catholic
Opus Dei
Latter Day Saint movement
Jehovah's Witnesses
Protestantism
Seventh-day Adventist
Unification Church
Westboro Baptist Church
Hinduism
Islam
Islamism
Twelver Shi’ism
Wahhabism
Jainism
Judaism
New religious movement
Scientology
Sikhism
Yazdânism
Zoroastrianism
By religious figure
Aisha
Charles Taze Russell
Ellen White
Jesus
Moses
Muhammad
Saul
By text
Bible
Quran
Hadiths
Mormon sacred texts
Book of Mormon
Talmud
Critics
Ayaan Hirsi Ali
Ali Sina
Arnold Leese
Brigitte Gabriel
B.R. Ambedkar
Mikhail Bakunin
Bat Ye'or
Bruce Bawer
Leah Vincent
Giordano Bruno
Pat Condell
Richard Dawkins
Denis Diderot
Maryam Namazie
Nonie Darwish
Oriana Fallaci
Robert Spencer
Epicurus
Ibn Warraq
Ludwig Feuerbach
Theo van Gogh
Pamela Geller
Sita Ram Goel
Emma Goldman
Sam Harris
Christopher Hitchens
Daniel Dennett
Salman Rushdie
Baruch Spinoza
Baron d'Holbach
David Hume
Robert G. Ingersoll
Karl Marx
Turan Dursun
Periyar E. V. Ramasamy
Magdi Allam
V. S. Naipaul
Taslima Nasrin
Friedrich Nietzsche
Michel Onfray
Thomas Paine
Walid Phares
Walid Shoebat
H. L. Mencken
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
Ayn Rand
Dayananda Saraswati
Arun Shourie
André Servier
David Silverman
Victor J. Stenger
Max Stirner
A. C. Grayling
Bertrand Russell
Voltaire
Geert Wilders
Wafa Sultan
Religious violence
Buddhism
Christianity
Mormonism
Judaism
Islam
Persecution
By Christians
Sectarian violence
Segregation
Terrorism
Christian
Hindu
Islamic
Sikh
Jewish
War
In Islam
In Judaism
Related topics
Abuse
Apostasy
In Islam
In Christianity
Crisis of faith
Criticism of atheism
Criticism of monotheism
Sexuality
Slavery
v
t
e
On 24 September 1873, Phule formed Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of the seekers of truth), with which he was the first president and treasurer, to focus on rights of depressed classes. He opposed idolatry and denounced thecaste system. Satyashodhak Samaj campaigned for the spread of rational thinking and rejected the need for priests. Savitribai became the head of the women's section which included ninety female members[citation needed]. She worked as a school teacher for girls. After Phule's death in 1890 his followers continued the Samaj campaign in the remote parts of Maharashtra.[citation needed]. Shahu Maharaj, the ruler of Kolhapur lent moral support to Satyashodhak Samaj. In its new incarnation, it continued the efforts to remove what it considered to be superstition.[citation needed].
Occupation[edit]
Apart from his role as a social activist, Phule was a businessman too. In 1882 memorial, he styled himself as Merchant, cultivator and Municipal Contractor.[8]
For period of time, he worked as a contractor for the government and supplied building materials required for the construction of the first masonry dam in India at Khadakwasla[9] near Pune in the 1870s.[citation needed] One of Phule's businesses, established in 1863, was to supply metal-casting equipment.[10]
Phule was appointed Commissioner ( Municipal Council Member) to the then Poona municipality in 1876 and served in this unelected position until 1882.[11]
Recognition[edit]
According to Keer,[12] Phule was bestowed with the title of Mahatma on 11 May 1888 by another social reformer from Bombay, Vithalrao Krishnaji Vandekar.
Phule has been commemorated numerous times in Maharashtra as well as other parts of India. Universities (such as in Jaipur), museums (Pune), vegetable markets (Pune, Mumbai) have been named after him.
Published works[edit]
Among Phule's notable published works are:[13]
Tritiya Ratna, 1855
Brahmananche Kasab,1869
Powada : Chatrapati Shivajiraje Bhosle Yancha, [English: Life Of Shivaji, In Poetical Metre],June 1869
Powada: Vidyakhatyatil Brahman Pantoji, June 1869
Manav Mahammand (Muhammad) (Abhang)
Gulamgiri, 1873
Shetkarayacha Aasud (Cultivator's Whipcord), July 1881
Satsar Ank 1, June 1885
Satsar Ank 2, October 1885
Ishara, October 1885
Gramjoshya sambhandi jahir kabhar, (1886)
Satyashodhak Samajokt Mangalashtakasah Sarva Puja-vidhi, 1887
Sarvajanik Satya Dharma Poostak, April 1889
Sarvajanic Satya Dharmapustak, 1891
Akhandadi Kavyarachana
Asprashyanchi Kaifiyat
Commemoration[edit]
An early biography of Phule was the Marathi-language Mahatma Jotirao Phule, yanche charitra (P. S. Patil, Chikali: 1927).[14] Two others are Mahatma Phule. Caritra Va Kriya (Mahatma Phule. Life and Work) (A. K. Ghorpade, Poona: 1953), which is also in Marathi, and Mahatma Jyotibha Phule: Father of Our Social Revolution (Dhananjay Keer, Bombay: 1974). Unpublished material relating to him is held by the Bombay State Committee on the History of the Freedom Movement.[15]
There are many structures and places commemorating Phule. These include:
The full-length statue inaugurated at the premises of Vidhan Bhavan (Assembly Building of Maharasthra State)
Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Mandai, also known as Crawford Market, in Mumbai
Mahatma Phule Museum in Pune
Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth in Rahuri, Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra.
Mahathma Phule Mandai, the biggest vegetable market in Pune
M. J. P. Rohilkhand University
Subharti College of Physiotherapy was formerly named after him
G. P. Deshpande's biographical play Satyashodhak (The Truth Seeker) was first performed by Jan Natya Manch in 1992.[16]
See also[edit]
Social reformers of India
About 3,030 results (0.42 seconds)
Search Results
Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phule's Full Life History - www.bctimes ...
▶ 2:13:46
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j2hLPkkiawg
Jun 11, 2013 - Uploaded by Surya Rao
Story By: Dr. D. Vizay Bhaskar Jyotirao Govindrao Phule was born in Satara district of Maharastra in a family ...
trailer of Mahatma Jothirao Phule - YouTube
▶ 1:53
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLKyDwQXOpM
Oct 7, 2011 - Uploaded by Mohammed AzggarAlii
Bharat Ek Khoj ( Discovery of India ) Episode 45 Mahatma Phule - Duration: 52:38. Dalvir Gill 654 views. 52:38 ...
Superhit Full Marathi Natak | Based on Mahatma Jyotiba ...
▶ 1:44:28
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6MrUPQzvlo
Jul 11, 2014 - Uploaded by Marathi Gaurav
Based on the life and achievements of Mahatma Jyotiba Phuleand his wife ... Mahatma Phule was a social ...
Mahaathma Jothirao Phule Trailer - YouTube
▶ 1:53
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a5BupS0Vm28
Oct 6, 2011 - Uploaded by Mohammed AzggarAlii
Mahaathma Jothirao Phule Trailer ... Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phule's Full Life History - www.bctimes.org ...
Mahatma jyotiba phule or gulamgiri book - Must watch ...
▶ 3:26
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r8tbf-o5G58
May 26, 2015 - Uploaded by Dr. Jitendra Arolia
Mahatma jyotiba phule or gulamgiri book - Must watch ... Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phule's Full Life History - www ...
Powada for Mahatma Jyotiba Phule - YouTube
▶ 1:25
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mkci3LYfH4E
Apr 12, 2015 - Uploaded by Saam Marathi
Wamandada kardak pratishthan presented Powada on the occasion of 188th birth anniversary of Mahatma ...
Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Serial Telugu Part 1 - YouTube
▶ 1:00:29
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gALCXIuipLs
Dec 14, 2013 - Uploaded by Sreeons Software Solutions
Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Serial Telugu Part 1. ... Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phule Telugu Song collected by Galla ...
Song on Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phule - www.bctimes.org ...
▶ 3:04
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LPbuTJ9nr2E
Jul 9, 2013 - Uploaded by Surya Rao
Written By: Dr. D. Vizay Bhaskar Sung By: Srikanth Music By: Arjun Jyotirao Govindrao Phule was born in ...
Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Serial Telugu Part 2 - YouTube
▶ 41:30
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESXD5hNPZGU
Dec 14, 2013 - Uploaded by Sreeons Software Solutions
Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Serial Telugu Part 2. ... Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phule's Full Life History - www.bctimes.org ...
Poster Out | A Film on Mahatma Jyotiba Phule - YouTube
▶ 1:10
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQLvlEROxtQ
Dec 15, 2015 - Uploaded by Rajshri Marathi
Satyashodhak | Upcoming Marathi Movie | Poster Out | A Film onMahatma Jyotiba Phule. Satyashodhak is ...
Stay up to date on results for mahatma jyotiba phule.
Create alert
12345678910Next
Help Send feedback Privacy Terms
About 3,33,000 results (0.63 seconds)
Search Results
Jyotirao Phule - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyotirao_Phule
Other names, Mahatma Phule/Jyotiba Phule/ Jotiba Phule / Jotirao Phule ... Jyotirao Govindrao Phule (11 April 1827 – 28 November 1890) was an Indian activist ...
Early life - Satyashodhak Samaj - Social activism - Occupation
Jyotiba Phule Biography - Jyotirao Phule Life & Profile
www.culturalindia.net › Reformers
To know more about Jyotiba Phule, read this biography and profile. ... On 28 November, 1890, the great reformer of India, Mahatma Jyotirao Phule, passed away ...
Jyotiba Phule Biography - Childhood, Life Achievements ...
www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/jyotiba-phule-5338.php
In the 19th century India no one would have dreamt of educating their girls. ButMahatma Jyotiba Phule was a visionary much ahead of his times. A pioneer in ...
About Mahatma Jyotirao Phule / Who is Mahatma Jyotirao ...
www.astrosage.com › Celebrity Horoscope
Mahatma Jyotirao Phule have several desirable qualities. First and foremost, Mahatma Jyotirao Phule revel in work and there is hardly a limit to the amount of ...
Mahatma Phule.com: Welcome
www.mahatmaphule.com/
Purpose of the website is to get the ready information about the great social reformerMahatma Jyotirao Phule and first lady teacher of India and social reformer ...
Jyotiba Phule - Jyotirao Govindrao Phule Biography, Life ...
www.iloveindia.com › Famous Indians › Social Reformers
Jyotirao Govindrao Phule, who was a prominent activist, thinker and social reformer ... the 19th century, was also famous by the name of Mahatma Jyotiba Phule.
mjptbcwreis
mjptbcwreis.cgg.gov.in/
45 BC Residential Schools were transferred from the control of APREIS to the newly formed Society named as MAHATMA JYOTIBA PHULE ANDHRA PRADSH ...
Jyotirao Phule, Indian Social Reformer - Indianetzone
www.indianetzone.com › ... › Early Life of Madhav Sadashiv Golwalkar
Jan 21, 2015 - Jyotirao Phule, Indian Social Reformer Mahatma Jyotirao Govindrao Phule, more popular as Jyotirao Phule, was a thinker, activist, social ...
Mahatma Jyotiba Phule : A Modern Indian Philosopher by ...
https://msesaim.wordpress.com/.../mahatma-jyotiba-phule-a-modern-indi...
Oct 14, 2013 - JOTIRAO GOVINDRAO PHULE occupies a unique position among the social reformers of Maharashtra in the nineteenth century. While other ...
महात्मा जोतिबा फुले | Mahatma Jyotiba Phule ...
www.marathimati.com/people/mahatma-jyotiba-phule/
Translate this pageSep 26, 2011 - महात्मा जोतिबा फुले - [Jyotirao Phule, Mahatma Jyotirao Govindrao Phule] जोतीराव गोविंदराव फुले उर्फ महात्मा ...
Searches related to mahatma jyotiba phule
mahatma jyotiba phule residential school
mahatma jyotiba phule ap bc welfare
mahatma jyotiba phule in marathi
savitribai phule
mahatma jyotiba phule information in marathi
mahatma jyotiba phule bc welfare
mahatma jyotiba phule university
mahatma jyotiba phule telangana
12345678910Next
More images
Jyotirao Phule
Writer
Jyotirao Govindrao Phule was an Indian activist, thinker, social reformer and writer from Maharashtra. Wikipedia
Born: April 11, 1827, Satara
Died: November 28, 1890, Pune
Spouse: Savitribai Phule (m. 1840–1890)
Influenced by: Gautama Buddha, Abraham Lincoln, Tukaram, Kabir,Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Paine
Books: Selected Writings of Jotirao Phule, Shetkaryaca Asud, Slavery
Organization founded: Satyashodhak Samaj
People also search for
View 10+ more
Savitribai Phule
Spouse
Mahatma Gandhi
B. R. Ambedkar
Gautama Buddha
Tukaram
Feedback
Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra - From your Internet address - Use precise location
- Learn more
Help Send feedback Privacy Terms
